时态(Tense)
时态在英语中表示动作或状态发生的时间,显示它是在过去、现在还是将来。
过去时
一般过去时(Past Simple)
- 语法:主语 + 动词的过去式
- 用法:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态
- 例句:
- She visited her grandmother last weekend.
- He studied hard for the exam.
过去进行时(Past Continuous)
- 语法:主语 + was/were + 动词的现在分词
- 用法:表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
- 例句:
- I was watching TV when you called.
- They were sleeping at that time.
过去完成时(Past Perfect)
- 语法:主语 + had + 动词的过去分词
- 用法:表示在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作。
- 例句:
- He had left before I arrived.
- They had finished the project by the deadline.(他们在截止日期之前完成了项目。)
现在时
一般现在时(Present Simple)
- 语法:主语 + 动词原形(第三人称单数加 -s)
- 用法:表示习惯、事实或常规。
- 例句:
- I eat breakfast every morning.
- She plays the piano.
现在进行时(Present Continuous)
- 语法:主语 + am/is/are + 动词的现在分词(动词 + ing)
- 用法:表示现在正在进行的动作或临时的情况。
- 例句:
- I am reading a book.
- They are playing soccer.
现在完成时(Present Perfect)
- 语法:主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词
- 用法:表示动作在过去发生,但与现在有联系,或动作刚刚完成。
- 例句:
- I have finished my homework.
- She has lived in London for five years.
将来时
一般将来时(Future Simple)
- 语法:主语 + will + 动词原形
- 用法:表示将来要发生的事情或决定。
- 例句:
- I will go to the store tomorrow.
- They will meet us at the airport.
将来进行时(Future Continuous)
- 语法:主语 + will be + 动词的现在分词
- 用法:表示在将来的某个时间正在进行的动作。
- 例句:
- I will be working at 8 PM tonight.
- They will be traveling next week.
将来完成时(Future Perfect)
- 语法:主语 + will have + 动词的过去分词
- 用法:表示在将来的某个时间点之前已经完成的动作或状态。
- 例句:
- By next year, I will have graduated from university.
- She will have finished the book by the time we meet.
- They will have completed the project before the deadline.